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Max Weber
Max Weber sees rationality of the structure in the bureaucratic form of
organization. He is confident that bureaucracy is the most efficient means
of organizing. He pin points the following characteristics of bureaucracy
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The principle of "official jurisdictional" areas guided by laws or
administrative regulations. Activity areas are assigned as official
duties. The authority is distributed and delimited by rules. He admits
that there are certain posts and powers which are not precisely
delimited.
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A hierarchy of offices, which means a clearly established system of
superordination and subordination. "With the full development of the
bureaucratic type, the office hierarchy is monocratically organized.
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The management of formal communication which is based upon written
documents. A separation of personal from official property & rights,
which means rights & privileges belong to the office, not the
office-holder, and may not be appropriated.
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Selection of personnel on the basis of technical qualifications, which
means that they are appointed to office according to their
qualification.
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Office activity demands the full working capacity of the official.
Employment viewed as a career by participants, which means an official
is full-time & salary employed who looks forward to a lifelong career in
the organization.
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The management follows the general rules which are more or less stable,
more or less exhaustive, and which can be learned".
There are many organizational theorists who do not believe that formal
structure is enough to develop
and
understand the organization. The rational thought has been loosing its
weight since the introduction of the Human Relations School and we see a
lot of new development since then. There is enormous material available
regarding new development under the headings of MBO, OD,
Organizational Culture, Organizational
psychology etc. These new developments have at least two common
characteristics that they deviate from the classical concept of organizing
and bring new dimensions to the concept of organizing. The second
characteristics on which they meet is that they all indicate those aspects
of the organization which are not very apparent. |
